The effects of previous US government shutdowns:

- Economic loss: $6-7 billion per week; $11 billion in permanent loss in 2018-2019 (35 days), GDP growth decreased by 0.2-0.6%.
- Employees: Hundreds of thousands of civil servants are furloughed, salaries are delayed (even if paid retroactively, it creates financial difficulties).
- Services: National parks close → billions of dollars lost in tourism; visa/immigration processing, drug approvals, and air traffic are delayed. - Other: Consumer confidence falls, the stock market fluctuates; talent loss in the federal bureaucracy increases during long shutdowns.

Longest shutdown (2025): 43 days – effects were more severe.

Similar or greater losses are expected if another shutdown occurs (after January 30, 2026).