A key idea in blockchain scalability solutions is to keep more computational logic executed in the local environment, and finally submit the results to the chain through concise cryptographic commitments. Specifically, users can perform account state updates off-chain, generate a zero-knowledge proof that verifies the legitimacy of the state transition, and then submit this compact proof on-chain for verification. This approach ensures security and finality on the chain while significantly reducing the computational and storage costs of each transaction on the main chain. This architecture is particularly meaningful for building high-throughput, low-cost blockchain applications.