The 20 Largest Dog Breeds: A Complete Guide for Potential Owners

Dog enthusiasts often agree that outstanding companions come in every shape and size. Yet there’s something special about those colossal breeds that stand eye-level with you and genuinely believe they’re lap dogs. The largest dog breeds typically originate from the working group classification, which means they were originally developed for tasks like hauling sleds and carts, safeguarding livestock and properties, and protecting families.

According to the American Kennel Club, working group dogs “tend to be recognized for commanding stature, strength, and intelligence.” Bringing one of the largest dog breeds into your home demands preparation and commitment. Before welcoming such a companion, prospective owners should consider several critical factors.

Why Size Matters: Understanding the Needs of Largest Dog Breeds

Development and Physical Maturation

Larger canines develop more slowly than their smaller counterparts, affecting both mental and physical growth. Joint development requires extra vigilance, as these giants are prone to self-injury during their formative years. Owners must implement careful management to prevent complications as the puppy grows.

Space and Living Arrangements

Spacious environments are non-negotiable. Beyond oversized beds, toys, and food bowls, these animals need substantial room to move freely and exercise safely. A cramped living situation is unsuitable for breeds of this magnitude.

Financial Considerations

The financial commitment is substantial. Premium food, specialized supplies, and veterinary expenses increase proportionally with the dog’s size. Insurance premiums for largest dog breeds also tend to be higher due to breed-specific health risks and their substantial body mass.

Behavioral Training and Socialization

Professional training is crucial because behaviors that might be overlooked in smaller dogs—jumping, pulling on leash, overzealous greeting—become problematic or dangerous with a giant. Early, consistent training prevents behavioral issues from developing.

The Complete Ranking of 20 Largest Dog Breeds

1. Mastiff

The ultimate gentle giant has a storied history spanning millennia. These dignified canines earn recognition for their obedience, calm demeanor, and fierce family loyalty. Some males reach 230 pounds and stand 30 inches tall. Their broad, muscular frames and distinctive flat faces create an impressive yet approachable presence. Beyond their intimidating appearance, mastiffs demonstrate unwavering dedication to family members.

2. Boerboel

Originating from South Africa, the boerboel represents athleticism combined with protective instinct. The name derives from Dutch settlers’ terminology for these working dogs. Created through selective breeding of various guard dog lines, boerboels evolved from big game hunting partners into devoted family protectors. Their protective nature remains strong today.

3. Tosa Inu

The Japanese mastiff carries a complex history rooted in Shikoku island fighting dog traditions. This breed emerged from crosses between native Shikoku Inu and Western mastiffs, bulldogs, Great Danes, and German pointers. In Japanese culture, the Tosa Inu commands respect equivalent to sumo wrestlers. They display stoic patience alongside deep family affection, though they often appear reserved initially. Their vigilant temperament makes them outstanding home guardians.

4. Saint Bernard

A gentle alpine giant from the Swiss mountains, the Saint Bernard combines imposing size with genuine warmth. Their massive head, deep-set eyes, and distinctive droopy features create an unmistakable appearance. Renowned for mountainous rescue operations, they possess exceptional strength and navigational abilities. Their patient, friendly disposition makes them exemplary family members.

5. Great Dane

Considered the “Apollo of dogs,” the Great Dane personifies elegance and majesty. Originating from Germany, these aristocratic giants stand among the tallest breeds, reaching 32 inches at the shoulder and nearly 200 pounds. When reared on hind legs, they tower over most humans. Despite their commanding presence, Great Danes are affectionate and thrive on human connection.

6. Leonberger

This handsome German breed combines gentleness with considerable strength. Featuring a thick double coat and powerful build, leonbergers carry themselves with natural elegance. Males often reach 170 pounds. They’re known for calm, patient temperaments and eagerness to please. These intelligent dogs excel at obedience, therapy work, and water rescue operations.

7. Neapolitan Mastiff

An Italian powerhouse with a distinctly dramatic appearance, the Neapolitan mastiff commands attention through its massive frame and characteristic wrinkled skin. Calm and protective by nature, they form profound bonds with family members. Their sweet, loving temperament contrasts with their imposing exterior. They prefer relaxed environments, spending most hours comfortably at rest indoors.

8. Newfoundland

Originally from Canada, the Newfoundland combines gentleness with exceptional water abilities. Their thick, water-resistant coat facilitates cold-water comfort. Webbed feet enable remarkable swimming prowess—they’re powerful enough for water rescues. These patient, well-behaved dogs prove excellent with children. The substantial drool output is a trade-off for their wonderful family presence.

9. Anatolian Shepherd

This Turkish breed exemplifies strength and protectiveness. Their sturdy build and dense coat enable adaptation to various climates. For centuries, they’ve guarded livestock against predators, demonstrating legendary loyalty and bravery. Extremely intelligent and self-directed, they make superior guardians. While serious by nature, they display gentleness and affection within family circles.

10. Tibetan Mastiff

A striking Himalayan giant, the Tibetan mastiff boasts a thick, luxurious coat providing arctic insulation. Known for unwavering loyalty and protective instincts, they possess remarkably deep barks that enhance their guardian capabilities. Generally gentle and loving with family, they remain reserved and aloof around unfamiliar people.

11. Rottweiler

This German breed features a sturdy build highlighted by its distinctive black coat and tan markings. Renowned for loyalty and protective nature, rottweilers serve effectively as guard dogs. Despite their formidable appearance, they demonstrate surprising gentleness with family members. They flourish with companionship and benefit tremendously from consistent exercise and social interaction.

12. Bullmastiff

The English bullmastiff combines power with unwavering loyalty. Originally developed as estate guardians, they embody protective instinct. Their calm temperament and intelligence make them capable of tenderness with loved ones. Regular exercise and socialization maintain their physical and behavioral health. With proper guidance, they become devoted, affectionate companions.

13. Akita

This Japanese breed represents loyalty and courage. Their powerful build and thick double coat provide cold-weather protection. Akitas are recognized for independence and intelligence, which can manifest as stubbornness. Natural protective drives make them excellent guard dogs. Though reserved around strangers, they display devoted, affectionate behavior toward family members and make lifelong companions.

14. Black Russian Terrier

Hailing from Russia, the black Russian terrier showcases confidence through its substantial frame. Their dense, typically black or dark gray coat contributes to their imposing appearance. Loyalty and protective nature position them as capable guard dogs. Despite their tough presentation, they’re responsive to training and can be genuinely affectionate with families. Mental stimulation and regular exercise prove essential.

15. Irish Wolfhound

From Ireland comes this majestic gentle giant—one of the tallest breeds. Their slender, athletic frame supports their characteristic wiry, shaggy coat. Renowned for friendly, kind nature, they excel as family pets. Their calm, good-natured temperament combines with steadfast loyalty to create ideal companions.

16. Great Pyrenees

This French mountain breed features a distinctively thick, fluffy white coat. Originally developed for alpine regions, they’re instantly recognizable. Loyalty and watchful nature establish them as dependable guard dogs. Calm and patient, they’re typically gentle with children and other animals. Regular exercise and grooming maintain their well-being.

17. Scottish Deerhound

A graceful Scottish breed combines elegance with athleticism. Their slender build and shaggy multicolored coat create an appealing appearance. Known for friendly, mild temperament, they’re generally gentle with children. Historically used for deer hunting, they require adequate space and regular vigorous exercise.

18. Bernese Mountain Dog

From Switzerland’s Alpine regions comes this friendly, affectionate companion. Known for their sturdy, powerful build and striking tricolored coat, Bernese mountain dogs embody gentleness and patience. They’re naturally good with children and other animals, thriving as family members. They particularly enjoy outdoor activities in cooler climates. Regular exercise and mental engagement support their health.

19. Dogue de Bordeaux

Also called the French Mastiff, this powerful, loyal French breed commands presence through its muscular build and characteristic wrinkled appearance. Despite their intimidating exterior, they’re good-natured and patient, especially with children. Their calm, gentle nature makes them capable family members. Protective devotion toward loved ones ranks among their strongest traits.

20. Cane Corso

An Italian guardian with athletic, muscular build, the Cane Corso embodies strength and protectiveness. Short-coated and naturally alert, they’re intelligent and respond well to training, driven by their innate desire to please. Within family contexts, they’re gentle and deeply affectionate while remaining fiercely protective. Early socialization with people and other dogs proves essential.

Essential Care Requirements for Your Largest Dog Breeds

Successfully raising one of the largest dog breeds demands consistent commitment to their specialized needs. Joint development requires careful management during growth phases. Proper nutrition provides essential foundation for healthy development. Regular veterinary care becomes increasingly important given breed-specific health considerations. Adequate living and exercise space prevents behavioral problems and maintains physical fitness.

These magnificent breeds are widely respected as loyal, loving family members when placed with appropriate owners who understand their requirements and can commit to their well-being.

Common Questions About the Largest Dog Breeds Answered

Which of the Largest Dog Breeds Is Laziest?

That depends on individual perspective. Many large breeds demonstrate laziness due to their original breeding for guarding rather than athletic pursuits. Dr. Linda Simon, a veterinarian consultant, notes that “Great Danes are among the laziest I encounter in my clinic—they love to lounge and relax and won’t be running a marathon with you any time soon!” Dr. Sabrina Kong takes a different view, stating “The bullmastiff is the laziest large dog breed due to its low energy levels and tendency to enjoy lounging around.”

Do Largest Dog Breeds Shed?

While all dogs shed, some do so less noticeably. According to veterinary sources, the Cane Corso and Doberman rank as moderate shedders within larger breed categories, making them relatively good choices for those concerned about shedding.

At What Age Do Giant Dogs Reach Full Size?

Most large breed dogs reach their adult height between 12 to 18 months. Giant breeds such as Great Danes, mastiffs, and Newfoundlands may continue gaining height until age 2 or beyond. Both large and giant breed dogs continue filling out their frames even after height growth ceases.

Can Paw Size Predict Adult Dimensions?

Genetics remain the primary determining factor in how large a dog will grow. While paw size in puppies offers a rough estimate of eventual adult size—a method commonly used with rescue dogs of unknown ancestry—this system proves far from reliable. Professional assessment provides better predictions than paw measurements alone.